Cream-tempering, churning, and butter-making machine.



No. 686,369. Patented Nov. l2, |901. n. E. vmue a. G. A. HAGEnonN'.

CREAM TEMPERING, CHURNING, AND BUTTER MAKING MACHINE.

(Application Sled Dec. 4, 1900.)

4 Shee'is-Sheet I.

(No Model.)

Zlneoam No. 686,369. Patented Nov. I2, 190i. D. E. VIRTUE & G. A. HAGEDORN. CREAM TEMPERING, CHURNING, AND BUTTER MAKING MACHINE.

(Applietion Bled Dec. 4, 1900.) (No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

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`N0. 686,369. Patented Nov. I2, |90I. D. E. VIRTUE &. G. A. HAGEDDRN.

CREAM TEMPERING, GHURNING, AND BUTTERl MAKING MACHINE.

(Application filed Dec. 4, 1900.)

(Nn Model.) 4 Sheets--Sheet 3.

No. 686,369. Patented Nov. l2, |901.

D. E. VIRTUE @L G. A. HAGEDRN.

CREAM TEMPERING, CHURNING, AND BUTTER MAKING MACHINE.

(Application filed Dec. 4, 1900.) (No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

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` NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

DENNIS E. VIRTUE AND GEORGE A. HAGEDORN, OF OWATONNA,

MINNESOTA.

CREAM-TEMPERING, CHURNING, AND BUTTER-MAKING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 686,369, dated November 12, 1901.

Application filed December 4, 1900. Serial No. 38,621. (No model.) l

Be itknown that we, DENNIS E VIRTUE and GEORGE A. HAGEDORN, citizens ofthe United States, residing at Owatonna, in the county of Steele and State of Minnesota, have invent-` ed certain new and Vuseful Improvements in Oream- Tempering, Churning, and Butter- Working Machines; and we do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the artto which it appertains to make'and use the same. i

Our invention has for its object to provide a machine adaptedtobe interchangeably used for tempering cream and for churning and working the butter and to permit the neces-` sary changes 'for this purpose to be made without-drawing oft the cream.

To this end our invention consists of the novel devicesand combinations of devices which will be hereinafter described, and defined in the claims.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like notations ret'er to like parts throughout the several views.

In said drawings, Figure l is a longitudinal vertical central section through the entire machine with the parts applied thereto for use in churning and working the butter. Fig. 2 is a view in section on the line m2 m2 of Fig. l, but showing most of the parts of the machine in right endv elevation with respect to Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a detail in section on the line m3 x3 of Fig. 2 with most ofthe parts of the machine removed. Fig. 4 is a detail showing one of the paddles detached in plan. Fig. 5 is a vertical central cross-section on the line x5 x5 of Fig. 1. Figs. 6 and 7 are details in end elevation, showing opposite ends of one of the working rollers detached. Fig. 8 is a view in end elevation, on an enlarged scale, showing one of the closures for the roller passages or openings in one of the drumheads.' Fig. 9 is a cross-section on the line m9 mi of Fig. 8; and Fig. 10 is a view in central longitudinal Vertical section with some parts removed and others broken away, showing the drum and the parts on the inside of the same as they appear when the water-circulating devices are applied thereto for tempering the cream.

Asuitable rotary shell 1, shown as of drumlike form, is mounted to turn on ahorizontal Vaxis and receives rotary motion by means `spider 2b, which has'xed thereto a cross-bar '3, which in turn has fixed thereto a trunnion 4, mounted in suitable bearings formed in a pillow-block or frame-section A2. One of the drum-heads--to wit,.the right-hand head-as shown, has mounted therein three stub-shafts 5, which have fixed thereto three correspondinggears (l ofthe same size. The central member of the stub-shafts 5 has its axis coincident with the axis ofthe drum, and the gearcarried thereby is engaged by the other two members of said three gears 6. It follows that the shafts 5 are geared outside the drum by the gearwheels 6 to;turn together wheneverone or more of the members 6 receive rotary motion. The side `members of the three shafts 5 are radially equidistant from the axis of the drum and or pillow-block A2 and is of such shape that its inner end may be thrown into the path of one of the spokes of the wheel 8 for preventing the rotary motion of said wheel. The relation of the hand-lever 9 to the controllingwheel 8 is best shown in Figs. 2 and 3. With this construction it is obvious that when the controlling-wheel 8 is locked to the frame, so as to be held stationary, rotation of the drum will cause all of the shafts 5 to rotate on their own axes, while at the same time they are carried around with the drum. On the other hand, if the controlling-wheel 8 be left loose or free to turn on the drum-trunnion 4 the whole train of gearing, made up of the parts 6 to 8, inclusive, will turn with the drum, the wheel 8 turning on the trunnion 4 without causing the shafts 5 or any thereof to turn on their own axes. The two outer shafts 5 IOO A nut 11a holds lever 14 on journal 11.

pass through cross-bar 3. The opposite head of the drum is provided with three openings or passages fitted with closures 10, having bearings in the form of journals 11 for cooperation with the shafts 5 to detachably support a series of three working rollers 12. Said working rollers 12 are preferably made of wood and are provided on their ends with bearing-plates 13. The bearing-plate 13 at one end of the roller is provided with a square socket c to receive the square end of its supportingshaft 5, andthe bearing-plate 13 at the other end of the roller is provided with a round socket c to permit the plate 13 to fit over the journal-bearin g 11 in the corresponding closure 10. These bearing-plates are best shown in Figs. 6 and 7. The closures 10 are each provided with a suitable locking device, which, as shown, consists of a lever-14, mounted on the outer end of the journal 11 and having pivoted thereto lever-arms 15, the outer ends of which have cam-surface faces and work through guide-keepers 16, fixed to the druinhead. The lever 14 is free for a limited rotary motion on the journal 1l, and the radial arms or levers 15 are pivoted to the lever 14 at such points that under the rotary motion of the lever 14 the arms 15 will be forced outward and through the keepers 16, and in virtue of the camniing action, due to the inclined or wedge-shaped faces of the levers 15, it follows that the closure 10 will be forced tightly to its seat and there held. The joint between the closure 10 and its seat in the drumhead is suitably packed by a proper gasket 17, of cork or other suitable material. The openings subject to the closures 10 are of the proper size to freely pass the working rollers 12 and the water-circulating cans, which are substituted therefor, as will presently be noted. The drum 1 is also provided with the customary peripheral opening, tted with a suitable cover or closure 18, for the introduction of the cream, removal of the butter, &c.

One of the drulnheads, preferably the one carryingr the gears 6 and 7, is provided, as shown, with an annular gear-wheel 19. As shown, the gear-wheel 19 is an internal gear and is engaged by a pinion 20, iixed to a counter-shaft 21. The shaft 21 has its bearings in the frame-pedestal A2 and in a supplemental frame A, as shown in Fig. 1. The shaft 2l has fixed thereto a pair of gear-wheels 22 and 23, differingin size and number of teeth. A shaft 24 is provided with a pulley 25 for the application of a belt to impart motion thereto from any suitable source. The shaft 24 is provided with a pair of gears 26 and 27, shown as formed on a common hub, which gears 26 and 27 also differ in size and number of teeth and are reversely related in point of position relative to each other as compared with the gears 22 and 23 on the counter-shaft 21. The gears 26 and 27 are splined to the shaft 24 with freedom for sliding motion thereon and are subject to a shipper-lever 28, pivoted to the frame A and engaging with a suitable collar 29, formed on the hub of the gear 26. This construction affords a differential or change-speed drive for the rotary drum. As shown in Fig. 1, the larger gear 26 of the main shaft 24 is in engagement with the smaller gear 22 on the counter-shaft 21; but it is obvious that by shifting the gears 26 and 27 the smaller member 27 on the main shaft 24 may be thrown into engagement with the larger member 23 on the counter-shaft 21. Hence the drum 1 may be rotated at two different speeds, the higher of which is adapted for use when churning and the lower of which is adapted for use when working the butter. The parts so far as described constitute a combined churn and butter-worker. When churning, the controlling gear-wheel 8 is left loose or free to turn on the drum-trunnion 4. Hence, as hitherto noted, the entire train of gears 6 to 8, inclusive, would be carried around together under 'the rotation of the drum, but will not turn relative to each other, and hence the shafts 5 and the working rollers 12 will not turn on their own axes. When, however, it is desired to work the butter, the hand-lever 9 is thrown into a position to hold the controlling-wheel 8 and lock the same to the frame, thereby preventing rotation thereof. When this is done, the pinions 7, fixed to the outer ends of the side members of the shafts 5, must travel around the stationary gear-wheel 8 under the rotary motion of the drum, and hence the said pinions 7 will impart motion to the shafts 5, which carry the san1e,'and through the connected gears 6 will cause all of the working rollers 12 to turn together. The relative motions of the drum 1 and the working rollers 12 when the controlling-gear Sis held stationary are indicated by the arrows in Fig. 5. The corresponding direction of rotation for the driving-gear is incated by the arrows in Fig. 1. The druln 1 is provided with suitable perforated paddles 30, xed to the drumheads and extending lengthwise of the drum at a slight distance below the periphery of the drum and set on the proper angle to deliver the butter carried upward thereby under the rotary motion of the drum to that pair of the working rollers 12 which are turning toward each other from above. Hence the butter will be caught and worked between the said pair of rollers.

Instead of two side rollers for coperation with the central roller it is obvious that three or more might be employed. So far as we know, we are the first to provide any construction affording a central roller having its axis coincident with the axis of the drum and two or more side rollers, with all of said rollers geared outside of the drum or inside the drum so as to turn together on their own axes under the rotary motion of the drum, and also the first to combine therewith a controllinggear adapted to be locked to the frame or to be permitted to turn loosely thereon at the will of the operator for causing the working IOO IIO

rollers either to receive rotary motion on their own axes while carried with the drum or to be carried with the drum without receiving any independent rotary motion of their own.

Directing attention to Fig. lO, which shows the tempering devices in working position, the numerals 3l represent a pair of watercans adapted to be substituted for the side or lateral members of the working rollers 12. The cans 3l are provided at one end with heads 32, which serve as the closures for the openings in the drumhead, through which the rollers 12 and the cans 3l can be inserted and removed. The can heads or closures 32 are in shape exactly the same as the closures l0, which are applied when the rollers l2 are in use, and have the same identical locking devices as the closures .10. Instead of trunnions, however, the can-heads 32 are provided with pipe sections 33, extending outward through the closures. The closures 32 themselves serve as the bearings for the cans 3l at one end, and at the other ends the said cans 3l are provided with seats adapted to tit over the heads of the stub-shafts 5. The seats in the cans 3l for receiving the heads of the stub-shafts 5 are of circular form and larger than the square heads of said shafts, so that if any rotary motion should by accident or otherwise be imparted to the shafts 5 no motion would be communicated to the cans 31. The two cans 3l are connected by a detachable cross-pipe 34. and union-nuts 35. An iniiow or supply pipe 36, made up of separable sections connected by a right and left screw-threaded union 37, passes in through the discharge-section of an outow-pipe 38, which is also made up of two separable sections connected by corresponding union 39.

The inflow-pipe 36 taps the pipe-section 33, leading to one of the cans 3l, and the outllowsection 33 taps the pipe-section 33, projecting from the other can 3l. The outflow-pipe seotion is larger than the inflow-pipe, and the latter enters through the former, while the former passes outward through the hollow trunnion 2 of the drum. With these cans and pipe connections applied as described it is obvious that hot or cold water may be circulated therethrough, as may be required, for tempering the cream to bring the same to the proper temperature before churning.

With the construction hereinbefore described it is obvious that meansare afforded for the interchangeable use at will of watercirculating devices to temper the cream and of proper devices for churning and working the butter. It must be also obvious that the change from one to the other can be made without drawing off the cream. For example, suppose the tempering devices, together with the central member of the working rollers, to have been applied first, as would naturally be the case, or, in other words, that the parts iirst used be those shown in Fig. 10. After the cream had been tempered by the circulaV tion of the hot or cold water, as required, the

vwater-circulating devices can be detached and removed and the side members of the working rollers be applied without drawing o the cream. To do this, the drum would be revolved until one of the water-cans 3l should be at its highest point. The drum might have been loaded with cream to a point slightly above the axis of the drum, which is about the usual load. The upper can would then be above the cream-level. The pipe 35 could then be detached from the two cans, the closure for the upper can be unlocked, the screw-union 37 manipulated to disconnect the two sections of the inflow-pipe, and the upper can be removed. One of the side rollers l2 could then be inserted and applied to its proper shaft 5 at one end and the corresponding closure l0, with the' bearing ll, be brought into proper position relative to the drumhead and the roller and the lock made fast. This would bring one of the side rollers into Working position and tightly close the opening through which the change had been made from the upper can to the corresponding roller. By then impart-ing a halfturn to the drum the other can would come to the highest position and be above the cream-level, and a like substitution could be made, thereby bringing the other member of the side rollers into working position in lieu of the removed can. The parts would then all be as shown in Fig. l or as required for use in churning and working the butter. This provision for the interchangeable use of cream-tempering devices and proper devices for churning and for Working the butter Without drawing od the cream from the drum is a great convenience and effects a large economy in merchant creameries. Apart from this interchangeable feature of the two classes of devices, the detachable feature for the working rollers and all the parts employed within the drum is an important thing in itself for the sake of cleanliness. Absolute cleanliness is essential for securing the best product in machines of this class. Inasmuch as the Working rollers can all be readily detached and removed from the drum, everything can be kept thoroughly clean.

i'tBy actual usage we have demonstrated the efficiency of the improvements herein disclosed for the purposes had in view.

It will of course be understood that modications might be employed without departing from the spirit of our invention.

What we cla-im, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is as follows:

l. A rotary drum or shell mounted to turn on a horizontal axis and provided with stubshafts, in one drumhead, geared, outside the drum, to turn together, and bearings in the other drumhead, for cooperation with said stub-shafts, to interchangeably receive and support detachable rollers and water-circulating devices, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

2. A rotary drum or shell mounted to turn.

IOO

IIO

on a horizontal axis,provided with stub-shafts in one drumhead, geared, outside the drum, to turn together and provided, in the other drumhead with openings or passages, and removable closures for said openings, provided with bearin gs which coperate with said stubshafts to permit the interchangeable application and use of rollers or Water-circulating devices, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

3. A rotary drum or shell mounted to turn on a horizontal axis, and provided with stubshafts, in one drumhead, geared, outside the drum, to turn together, and provided, in the other drumhead, with openings or passages fitted with removable closures having bearings which coperate with said stub-shafts to permit the interchangeable application and use of rollers or Water-circulating devices, and equipped each with a locking device for tightly securing the closure to the drum, suhstantially as described.

4. In a combined churn and butter-worker, the combination with a rotary shell or drum, of a central roller having its axis coincident With the axis of the drum, tWo or more side rollers radially equidistant from the central roller, With said three rollers geared to turn together by gears carried with the drum, a controlling-gear, loose on the fixed frame and engaging pinions fixed to the projecting ends of the side-roller shafts, and means, operative at Will, for preventing the rotation of said controlling-gear, substantially as described.

5. In a combined churn and butterworker, the combination With a rotary drum or shell, and a dierential or variable speed drive for rotating the same, of a central roller in the drum, having its axis coincident with the axis of the drum, two or more side rollers radially equidistant from said central roller, with said three rollers geared to turn together by gears, outside the drum,and carried therewith,acon trolling-gear loose on the fixed frame and engaging pinions on the projecting ends of said side-roller shafts, and a hand device for locking said controlling-gear to the shaft, at will, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

6. In a combined churn and butter-Worker, the combination With a rotary drum or shell, having roller passages or openings in one head thereof fitted With closures, of a central roller and two or more side rollers Within the drum, detachably secured therein and removable through said openings in the drumhead, and stub-shafts mounted in the opposite drumhead for engagement With said rollers, which stub-shafts are geared outside the drum to turn together, a controlling-gear loose on the fixed frame and engaging pinions 011 the projecting ends ofy the side-roller shafts and a hand device engageable with said gear for preventing the rotation thereof, at Will, substantially as described.

7. In a combined churn and butter-Worker, the combination With a rotary drum or shell, of detachable Working rollers, stub-shafts in one drumhead and roller-passages in the opposite drumhead, fitted with closures having bearings for cooperation with said stub-shafts, to support said rollers, and permit the removal and insertion of the same through said passages, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof we affix our signa tures in presence of tWo Witnesses.

DENNIS E. VIRTUE. GEORGE A. HAGEDORN.

Witnesses:

H. E. J oHNsoN, GEO. A. NEWsALT. 

